The Eight Puzzle, among other sliding-tile puzzles, is one of the famous problems in artificial intelligence. Along with chess, tic-tac-toe and backgammon, it has been used to study search algorithms.
The Eight Puzzle can be generalized into an M × N Puzzle where at least one of M and N is odd. The puzzle is constructed with MN − 1 sliding tiles with each a number from 1 to MN − 1 on it packed into a M by N frame with one tile missing. For example, with M = 4 and N = 3, a puzzle may look like:
1 | 6 | 2 |
4 | 0 | 3 |
7 | 5 | 9 |
10 | 8 | 11 |
Let's call missing tile 0. The only legal operation is to exchange 0 and the tile with which it shares an edge. The goal of the puzzle is to find a sequence of legal operations that makes it look like:
1 | 2 | 3 |
4 | 5 | 6 |
7 | 8 | 9 |
10 | 11 | 0 |
The following steps solve the puzzle given above.
START |
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DOWN |
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LEFT ⇒ |
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UP |
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… |
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RIGHT |
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UP |
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UP ⇒ |
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LEFT |
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GOAL |
Given an M × N puzzle, you are to determine whether it can be solved.
The input consists of multiple test cases. Each test case starts with a line containing M and N (2 ≤ M, N ≤ 999). This line is followed by M lines containing N numbers each describing an M ×N puzzle.
The input ends with a pair of zeroes which should not be processed.
Output one line for each test case containing a single word YES if the puzzle can be solved and NO otherwise.